Bicester3D
+44 7835 362476GET INSTANT QUOTE
GUIDES 3D FILE FORMATS
FILE FORMATS GUIDE

UNDERSTANDING FILE FORMATS

Choose the right file format for your 3D printing project. Each format has strengths and limitations.

SUPPORTED FORMATS

FORMAT COMPARISON

STL

Stereolithography
3D printing, rapid prototyping

The most common format for 3D printing. STL files represent surfaces as triangular meshes. Perfect for most printing jobs.

ADVANTAGES
Universal compatibility
Simple mesh format
Widely supported
Small file sizes
LIMITATIONS
No color information
No texture data
Can have mesh errors
No units specified

3MF

3D Manufacturing Format
Modern 3D printing, multi-material

Microsoft's modern format designed specifically for 3D printing. Includes color, texture, and material information.

ADVANTAGES
Includes color & texture
Embedded units & metadata
Better mesh quality
Multi-material support
LIMITATIONS
Less universal support
Larger file sizes
Newer standard

OBJ

Wavefront Object
3D graphics, visualization

Common in 3D graphics and modeling. Supports textures via MTL files. Good for detailed visual models.

ADVANTAGES
Supports textures
Human-readable format
Good for complex models
LIMITATIONS
Requires separate MTL files
Can be large
Less optimized for printing

STEP

Standard for Exchange of Product Data
Engineering, CAD exchange

CAD-native format with precise geometry. Must be converted to mesh (STL/3MF) for printing. Best for engineering parts.

ADVANTAGES
Precise geometry
Parametric data preserved
Industry standard
No mesh errors
LIMITATIONS
Large file sizes
Must be converted to mesh
Complex format

IGES

Initial Graphics Exchange Specification
Legacy CAD exchange

Older CAD exchange format. Still used in some industries. Requires conversion to mesh format for printing.

ADVANTAGES
Widely supported in CAD
Precise surface data
Industry standard
LIMITATIONS
Outdated format
Large files
Must be converted
Can have compatibility issues
QUICK REFERENCE

WHICH FORMAT TO USE?

GENERAL 3D PRINTING
STL or 3MF

STL is universal and works everywhere. 3MF offers better quality and metadata.

COLORED PRINTS
3MF or OBJ

3MF is preferred for modern printers. OBJ works with texture files.

ENGINEERING PARTS
STEP → STL

Export from CAD as STEP, then convert to STL for printing.

VISUAL MODELS
OBJ

Best for detailed models with textures and complex geometry.

MULTI-MATERIAL
3MF

Only format that properly supports multiple materials in one file.

LEGACY CAD FILES
IGES → STL

Convert IGES to STL using CAD software or online converters.

BEST PRACTICES

FILE PREPARATION TIPS

CHECK FILE UNITS

Ensure your file is in millimeters (mm). STL files don't specify units, so verify scale before uploading.

REPAIR MESH ERRORS

Use mesh repair tools to fix non-manifold edges, holes, and inverted normals before printing.

OPTIMIZE FILE SIZE

Reduce polygon count for large files. Balance detail with file size for faster processing.

EXPORT AT CORRECT SCALE

Export from CAD at 1:1 scale. Avoid scaling issues by checking dimensions match your design.

USE 3MF FOR COMPLEX PROJECTS

3MF preserves color, texture, and material data better than STL for multi-part projects.

TEST WITH STL FIRST

For new designs, export as STL first to verify geometry before using advanced formats.

READY TO PRINT?

Upload your file in any supported format. We'll handle the rest.

UPLOAD FILE